新西兰黑嘴鸥
Chroicocephalus bulleri
Endemic to New Zealand
The Black-billed Gull is a lightly coloured gull with a small amount of black on its wingtips. It has a long, thin, black bill with a bright red interior, and reddish black feet and white eyes. The juvenile has a flesh coloured bill with a dark tip and dark brown eyes

博氏鸥
Chroicocephalus philadelphia
Found: North America, western Europe (rare)
The breeding Bonaparte's Gull has a black head; short thin dark bill; pale gray back and upper wings; white underparts, neck; orange legs. In winter the head is white except for small black patch on of head.
Similar to: Black-headed Gull. Bonaparte's Gull is smaller in size and also has a smaller bill than Black-headed Gull. Bonaparte's bill is black while Black-headed has a dark red bill. Hood on breeding Bonaparte's Gull is darker and more extensive than on breeding Black-headed Gull.
Similar to: Little Gull. Little Gull is the smallest gull, about 2/3 the size of Bonaparte's Gull. Bonaparte's has white around the eye; Little Gull does not. Bonaparte's Gull wings have white underside (except for black wing tips; Little Gull wings have darker underside.
1, 2, 3) Juvenile 4 - 8) Nonbreeding 9) Breeding

红嘴鸥
Chroicocephalus ridibundus
Found: North America (northeastern),Europe and asia
The breeding Black-headed Gull has a dark brown head; red bill, legs; pale gray upper wings with black-tipped primary feathers; white underparts, neck, shoulders. In winter the head is white except for 2 dark black ptaches on of head.
Similar to: Bonaparte's Gull. Bonaparte's Gull is smaller in size and also has a smaller bill than Black-headed Gull. Bonaparte's bill is black while Black-headed has a dark red bill. Hood on breeding Bonaparte's Gull is darker and more extensive than on breeding Black-headed Gull.
Similar to: Gray-hooded Gull. The Black-headed Gull has a darker hood than the Gray Hooded-gull.
Similar to: Little Gull. Little Gull is the smallest gull, about 2/3 the size of Black-headed Gull. Black-headed has white around the eye; Little Gull does not.
1) Juvenile 2) 1st winter 3, 4, 5) Nonbreeding 6 - 9) Breeding

棕头鸥
Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus
Found: Asia
The breeding Brown-headed Gull has a pale brown head; pale gray upperparts; white neck, underparts; red bill, legs. Nonbreeding hood is replaced by brown vertical stripes. It breeds in the high plateaus of central Asia from Turkmenistan to Mongolia. It is migratory, wintering on the coasts and large inland lakes of tropical southern Asia
10 Juvenile 2) Nonbreeding 3, 4, 5) Breeding

褐头鸥
Chroicocephalus maculipennis
Found:South America
The breeding Brown-hooded Gull has a brown hood; gray wing tops with white outer primaries; black tips of inner primaries; red bill; white neck, shoulders, and underparts; incomplete white eye-ring. Nonbreeding adult has white head; dark spot behind eye.
Similar to: Andean Gull. Andean Gull not found at coast, larger; Brown-hood Gull rarely found at high altitudes.

灰头鸥
Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus
Found:South America, Europe, Africa
The breeding Gray-hooded Gull has light gray hood and wings; white shoulders, neck, underparts; red bill and legs. Winter gull has white head with faint mark behind ear.
Similar to: Black-headed Gull. The Black-headed Gull has a darker hood than the Gray Hooded-gull.
Similar to: Hartlaub's Gull. Breeding Gray-hooded Gull has distinct hood. Hartlaub's gull has darker eyes and legs.

哈氏鸥
Chroicocephalus hartlaubii
Found: South Africa, Namibia
Hartlaub's Gull is mainly a white gull with a gray back and upperwings, black wingtips with conspicuous white "mirrors", and a dark red bill and legs. When breeding it has a very faint lavender gray hood, but otherwise has a plain white head.
Similar to: Gray-hooded Gull. Breeding Gray-hooded Gull has distinct hood. Hartlaub's gull has darker eyes and legs.

新西兰红嘴鸥
Chroicocephalus scopulinus
Found: New Zealand
The Red-billed Gull is a fairly small gull with an all red bill, red eye-ring, red legs and feet, pale gray wings with black wingtips.

澳洲银鸥
Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae
Found: Australia, New Zealand
The Silver Gull has white body, head, tail; light gray wings with black tips terminated in white; red bill, legs.

细嘴鸥
Chroicocephalus genei
Found; Europe, Asia, Africa
The Slender-billed Gull has a slender and slight drooping reddish-black bill; dark red legs; gray back, wings; white head, neck, underparts; pale yellow iris. Breeding birds has pink-tinged breast.


1st

worn

----------------------------属分界---------------------------