朗阁海外考试研究中心温纯纯
近几个月的托福考试让众多老师和考生清楚地了解了独立写作的话题规律，即相近事物之间的比较。
3月11日托福的作文题目为“看电影或者看书”与“运动”哪一个更好的比较。
3月4日托福作文题目内容为“先看书后看电影”与“先电影后看书”两者的比较。
2月18日托福考试题目为“配合小组的个体”与“坚持自我而不跟团体一样”，哪一个更有帮助。
这三篇真题向我们展示了比较类话题的普遍性，更重要的是引起了我们的反思，即如何在文章中体现辩证的观点。为了更好地应对此类话题，本文中，朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师将细致地分析一篇文章的思路、结构和英文表达应用。上述的三篇真题，我们将挑选最后一个话题进行说明，原因有两个：1.相比其他两道真题，最后一道无具体行为动作，比较抽象，难度较大；2.最后一个话题对比点很接近，增加了论述的难度，比较容易偏题；所以，如果我们解决了最后一篇的话题，前两篇则比较容易运用相似的方法进行说明和解题。下面，我们先来看看这题的英文表述。
Do you agree ordisagree with the following statement?
The group will behelped more by the person who will be willing to do what other group memberswant than by the person who often strongly insists that things should be donein a way that is different from what the group wants to do.
可以看出本题是比较类文章，讨论双方特征，最后再进行综合说明。
1. 找关键词：
group, willing, different,insist
从关键词，我们也明白了两个比较点：
服从全队群体，配合他人；
坚持有所不同；
2. 思路的头脑风暴：
通常我们会用几个wh-和h-自我提问，反思文章，确定可写、好写的论点。
What are thebenefits of both approaches?
Why, in the topic,willingness to follow others helps more in a group than persistence ofdifference?
Why insisting one'sown view is harmful?
How to compromisewhen contrasting views appear?
两种不同态度的人对团体的作用如何？或者说会有什么影响？
为什么前者比后者更好？当两种人同时存在时如何达成妥协？
3. 确定论点：
l 我们可以从不一样的见解中得到更快的发展和进步，因此团队更需要“不一样”想法的人；
l 不同的意见有时候会阻碍进步；
l 团队当中更多的是需要配合、协作，有时甚至是退让。
这样就出现了我们作文的“正-反-反”结构了。
4. 结构分析：
开头段话题引出（定义法）：团队合作是一种有效的活动方式，促进学习和工作效率。Teamworkcooperation is an effective means of activity, promoting study and workefficiency.
话题改写+立场表明：何种人对团队更有利。Notonly can group members share opinions together, the discussion would also leadto dispute or conflict. Yet in most cases, we consider that it is beneficialfor the group when the person insists behaving differently. However, I supposecoordination is more helpful.
主体段1:（让步段落）
我们从不一样的见解中得到更快的发展。聆听与自己不同的见解，我们能够保持开放的心态，去接纳创新的理念。愿意思考新的事物或者观点的人才不会成为教条主义、思维固化的人。
主体段2:（正向论述）
不同的意见有时候会阻碍进步。在一个群体中，内部的不同意见会导致压力，甚至引起针对个人的误解，导致集体争执不休。
主体段3:（正面补充）
团队当中更多的是需要配合，协作甚至退步。
结尾段：
重申立场+概括上文+给出建议
以上是文章的分析和结构的说明。
参考范文如下（原创）：
Teamworkcooperation, as an effective means of activity and with the feature ofinclusiveness, enjoys upsurge of popularity, whether in study or work. Not onlycan group members share opinions together, the discussion would also lead todispute or conflict. Yet in most cases, we show our great tolerance to thosewho insists behaving differently. Despite its reason, I suppose coordination ismore helpful.
Firstly,disagreement can be counterproductive to progress. On one hand, for thosemembers who are lack of assertiveness, different statements reshape thoughtseasily, although their original ones are more justified. Without firmness ofwill, one would be affected by others who insist different ideas and then failsucceed in the group. On the other hand, the aim of any group is to fosterbetter relations within the community, while dissension caused by members whoare unwilling to follow others' intention would result in dissolution. Thisincoordination even gives rise to misunderstandings toward a person,undermining friendly atmosphere and stagnating group potential to reach goals.
Suppose that theperson strongly insists that things should be done in a different way, he wouldtry his best to persuade others in believing his view, while if failed, most ofthe time this person would be passed over. Lives are teeming with examples ofthis tragedy. There have been persistent rumors of quarrels within themovement, such as Howard in Houston Rockets, who was a famous and strong centerbefore entering the Rockets. Because the team failed to design tactics thatwork for Howard, he attempted to join the new team but failed, and finally hadto leave the team and went to Orlando. Besides, in today's TV show or typicaltalk show, differences of opinion often display in a way of meaninglessconversation where people try to score off each other
Furthermore, what agroup emphasizes more is cooperation, and even compromise. When it occursconflicts in a group, those members holding divergent views should makeconcession for the sake of group benefits. We should reach beneficial mutualagreement by striving to understand others' concern for the group growth. Onlyin this way can both individuals and team generate more space for development.
However, it isundeniable that diverse perspectives to addressing issues promote further progressas well. While listening to others' viewpoint, members keep minds open to newideas, which prevents unthinking dogmatists with no individuality. Even thoughthere are critical thinking individuals in a team, they are a definiteminority; the public in whole would indeed lack the firm will to stick to theoriginal thought and therefore they are often led by others.
In conclusion,although reasoned discourse and different approaches help to innovate newideas, I contend that disagreement without following the group's will impedesleaning and cooperation. And it is my suggestion that we should keep unbiasedstand towards ourselves or others, and even when there is pressure from peers,active inner hint transfers it into drive to explore the truth.
以上是笔者
对于这篇文章的想法和见解，希望对大家有所帮助。
