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关于轨道马车的一点思考和资料,希望大家能讨论并一起搜集下资料

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最近看了一部分宰执(目前进度大概是准备开大议会)。因为轨道马车这个创意似乎之前没有碰到过,所以想在吧里讨论下。我个人觉得可以分为几个部分:
1.在矿区,码头这种短距离场合的可行性。
2.在数公里的的运输上的可行性。(也就是书中的襄汉漕运轨道)
3.在数十公里以上甚至上百公里的级别上是否有可行性。(书中从代州轨道开始的一系列工程)
4.在以上三个条件下使用铁质轨道的可行性,主要涉及到成本和盗窃,以及材料本身的耐用。
目前搜集到的资料证明,第一部分的可行性是基本没有问题的。从下图1556年的德意志矿车来看,并不涉及冶金和精细加工(也就是轴承)这类很难迅速进步的技术。
第三部分应该是没有可行性的,一直到19世纪初之前,欧洲都没有大规模铺设轨道用于交通,仍然是用于矿区交通。而马拉轨道已经使用了上百年了,铁质轨道也已经出现数十年了。而此时的西欧,冶金和机械加工水平远高于北宋应该是毫无疑问的(毕竟欧洲在15,16世纪就开始普及板甲了)。哪怕是此时的铁质轨道仍然被认为无法使用,原因是铸铁变形严重导致维护费用极其高昂(英文维基的铁路简介词条历史部分Early rails were used on horse drawn wagonways, originally with wooden rails,[6] but from the 1760s using strap-iron rails, which consisted of thin strips of cast iron fixed onto wooden rails.[7] These rails were too fragile to carry heavy loads, but because the initial construction cost was less, this method was sometimes used to quickly build an inexpensive rail line. Strap rails sometimes separated from the wooden base and speared into the floor of the carriages above, creating what was referred to as a "snake head". However, the long-term expense involved in frequent maintenance outweighed any savings.[8][9])。
所以问题应该集中在数公里的襄汉漕运轨道是否有可行性上。本人搜集到了一个比较接近的规模的例子,是英格兰的沃来顿马车道(wollaton wagonway)。但是并没有搜集到相关轨道车和轨道的具体细节,不太清楚在北宋的可行性。
其实所有问题应该都在Lewis, M J T (1970), Early Wooden Railways, Routledge Keegan Paul, London, England.这本书上有解答,可惜不会搜英文文献,中文也搜不到pdf版………………残念…………
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wollaton_Wagonway
沃来顿马车道(wollaton wagonway)
目前已知的最早的长距离马拉轨道,长约3公里,用途是运煤,轨道材质为木质,时间是1603-1604,效果是单匹马单趟拉10-13吨,提高了四倍。被建造者认为效果不错,之后推广到他拥有的其他矿区,例如诺森波兰的布莱斯矿区(blyth),该轨道运行到1620年该煤矿关闭,之后废弃。之前德意志地区在1550年前后出现了用于矿坑的木质轨道,不过是用绳索拉动的,而且没有凸轮。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagonway
马车道(wagonway)
直到工业革命前夕之前是木头的,1760年出现了使用铁条加固的轨道,1767年出现了铁质轨道。


IP属地:美国1楼2017-09-16 22:32回复
    一楼1550年德意志地区矿车的图被吞了,这里补一下
    一下是wollaton wagonway词条的原文
    The Wollaton Wagonway (or Waggonway), built between October 1603 and 1604 in the East Midlands of England by Huntingdon Beaumont in partnership with Sir Percival Willoughby,[1]has sometimes been credited as the world's first overground wagonway and therefore regarded as a significant step in the development of railways. Its primacy has been recently questioned because of a wagonway built at Prescot, near Liverpool, sometime around 1600 and possibly as early as 1594. Owned by Philip Layton, this line carried coal from a pit near Prescot Hall to a terminus about half a mile away.[2] Also, a wagonway at Broseley in Shropshire was probably earlier.[3]
    The wagonway was the earliest form of railway. Although modern historians are uncertain as to whether it evolved or was invented, it is known that, between the Autumn of 1603 and 1 October 1604, a waggonway (wagonway) had been built near Nottingham, by Huntingdon Beaumont who was the partner of Sir Percival Willoughby, the local land-owner and owner of Wollaton Hall. It ran for approximately two miles (3 km) from Strelley to Wollaton to assist the haulage of coal. The actual track gauge is unknown but some websites state it was 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm).[4] No documentary evidence exists to support such statements although Lewis' work (1970) on early wooden railways, and the practicalities of horse haulage, suggest a gauge close to that dimension is plausible.[citation needed]
    “ alonge the passage now laide with railes, and with suche or the lyke Carriages as are now in use for the purpose. ”
    The above is from Sir Percival Willoughby's agreement with Huntingdon Beaumont dated 1 October 1604. Sir Percival was Lord of the Manor of Wollaton and Huntingdon Beaumont was the lessee of the Strelley coal pits. They worked the Strelley mines in an equal partnership.
    Comparatively little is known of the wagonway. It cost £172 (equivalent to £36,627 in 2015),[5] and ended at Wollaton Lane End, from where most of the coal was taken onwards by road to Trent Bridge and then downstream on the River Trent by barge. The wagons or carriages were drawn by horses on wooden rails. The Strelley mines were worked only until about 1620, by which time all readily recoverable coal had probably been mined. The wagonway was presumably then abandoned.
    The success of the Wollaton Wagonway led to Huntingdon Beaumont building other wagonways for his other mining leases near Blyth in Northumberland. A continuous evolution of railways can be traced back to the Wollaton Wagonway.


    IP属地:美国2楼2017-09-16 22:35
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      最后吐槽两句,这太后就对韩刚掌握禁中一点不担心吗………………大议会更是说点头就点头………………


      IP属地:美国3楼2017-09-16 22:40
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        中国秦朝就有轨道马车了。。。秦直道中就有木轨


        IP属地:北京来自iPhone客户端4楼2018-07-20 13:03
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          轨道马车到底能提升多少运力呢?


          IP属地:广东来自iPhone客户端5楼2018-08-17 17:20
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            对于救你两次命的人,你还会对他有什么防备吗?


            IP属地:重庆来自Android客户端6楼2019-01-14 21:17
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              我觉得铁轨的话,有一个难关。就是焊接的困难。


              IP属地:广东来自手机贴吧7楼2020-01-14 21:20
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                IP属地:山东来自Android客户端8楼2022-01-13 18:19
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                  某地区的人民公社,修建的木轨道。一头毛驴,能拉动普通驴车,两倍的货物。


                  IP属地:山东来自Android客户端9楼2022-01-13 18:26
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